diff --git a/internal/service/oidc_service.go b/internal/service/oidc_service.go
index 288a35c..7ee8ccd 100644
--- a/internal/service/oidc_service.go
+++ b/internal/service/oidc_service.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/pem"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/rs/zerolog/log"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/hkdf"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )
 
@@ -55,10 +57,14 @@ func (oidc *OIDCService) encryptPrivateKey(plaintext string) (string, error) {
 		return plaintext, nil
 	}
 
-	// Derive AES-256 key from master key using SHA256
-	key := sha256.Sum256(oidc.masterKey)
+	// Derive AES-256 key from master key using HKDF
+	hkdfReader := hkdf.New(sha256.New, oidc.masterKey, nil, []byte("oidc-aes-256-key-v1"))
+	key := make([]byte, 32) // AES-256 requires 32 bytes
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(hkdfReader, key); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to derive encryption key: %w", err)
+	}
 
-	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key[:])
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create cipher: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -92,10 +98,14 @@ func (oidc *OIDCService) decryptPrivateKey(encrypted string) (string, error) {
 		return encrypted, nil
 	}
 
-	// Derive AES-256 key from master key using SHA256
-	key := sha256.Sum256(oidc.masterKey)
+	// Derive AES-256 key from master key using HKDF
+	hkdfReader := hkdf.New(sha256.New, oidc.masterKey, nil, []byte("oidc-aes-256-key-v1"))
+	key := make([]byte, 32) // AES-256 requires 32 bytes
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(hkdfReader, key); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to derive decryption key: %w", err)
+	}
 
-	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key[:])
+	block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create cipher: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -313,17 +323,20 @@ func (oidc *OIDCService) ValidateScope(client *model.OIDCClient, requestedScopes
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Always include "openid" if it was requested
-	hasOpenID := false
-	for _, scope := range validScopes {
-		if scope == "openid" {
-			hasOpenID = true
-			break
+	// Only include "openid" if it was requested AND it's in the client's allowed scopes
+	// This respects client scope restrictions and doesn't bypass allowedScopes
+	if contains(requestedScopesList, "openid") && contains(allowedScopes, "openid") {
+		// Check if "openid" is already in validScopes (added by the loop above)
+		hasOpenID := false
+		for _, scope := range validScopes {
+			if scope == "openid" {
+				hasOpenID = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !hasOpenID {
+			validScopes = append(validScopes, "openid")
 		}
-	}
-
-	if !hasOpenID && contains(requestedScopesList, "openid") {
-		validScopes = append(validScopes, "openid")
 	}
 
 	return validScopes, nil